Search results for "Catalan numbers"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

The pruning-grafting lattice of binary trees

2008

AbstractWe introduce a new lattice structure Bn on binary trees of size n. We exhibit efficient algorithms for computing meet and join of two binary trees and give several properties of this lattice. More precisely, we prove that the length of a longest (resp. shortest) path between 0 and 1 in Bn equals to the Eulerian numbers 2n−(n+1) (resp. (n−1)2) and that the number of coverings is (2nn−1). Finally, we exhibit a matching in a constructive way. Then we propose some open problems about this new structure.

General Computer ScienceMatching (graph theory)Distribution sequences0102 computer and information sciencesFeasible sequences01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatoricsCatalan numbersymbols.namesakeLattice (order)[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]0101 mathematicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematicsBinary tree010102 general mathematicsEulerian pathLatticesJoin (topology)Binary trees010201 computation theory & mathematicsShortest path problemPath (graph theory)symbolsCatalan numbersComputer Science(all)
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Higher genera Catalan numbers and Hirota equations for extended nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchy

2021

We consider the Dubrovin--Frobenius manifold of rank $2$ whose genus expansion at a special point controls the enumeration of a higher genera generalization of the Catalan numbers, or, equivalently, the enumeration of maps on surfaces, ribbon graphs, Grothendieck's dessins d'enfants, strictly monotone Hurwitz numbers, or lattice points in the moduli spaces of curves. Liu, Zhang, and Zhou conjectured that the full partition function of this Dubrovin--Frobenius manifold is a tau-function of the extended nonlinear Schr\"odinger hierarchy, an extension of a particular rational reduction of the Kadomtsev--Petviashvili hierarchy. We prove a version of their conjecture specializing the Givental--M…

High Energy Physics - TheoryPure mathematicsRank (linear algebra)FOS: Physical sciences[MATH] Mathematics [math]01 natural sciencesCatalan numberMathematics::Algebraic Geometry[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]KP hierarchy0103 physical sciences[NLIN] Nonlinear Sciences [physics][NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics][MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]Mathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical PhysicsMathematicsHirota equationsPartition function (quantum field theory)ConjectureNonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsHierarchy (mathematics)010102 general mathematics[MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Statistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)16. Peace & justiceLax equationsManifoldModuli spaceMonotone polygonNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)010307 mathematical physics[MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)Catalan numbersFrobenius manifoldsLetters in Mathematical Physics
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